Introduction |
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Below
table shows frequency ratios and frequencies, normally used for tuning
keyboard instruments. Also,
number of beats per second in major 3rd and 5th are shown. |
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下の表には鍵盤楽器の調律に使う1オクターブとその周辺のセント値、周波数比、周波数を示し、長3度と完全5度の唸りの数を示している。 |
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Just |
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Beats/sec.
at 3rds 3度における唸りの数/秒 |
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Beats/sec. at 5ths 5度における唸りの数/秒 |
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Cent |
Ratio |
Freq |
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A |
-315.641287 |
5/6 |
103.75 |
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B |
-182.403712 |
9/10 |
112.05 |
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H |
-111.731285 |
15/16 |
116.72 |
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c |
0.000000 |
1 |
124.50 |
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0.0 |
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c# |
111.731285 |
1 1/15 |
132.80 |
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4.1 |
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d |
203.910002 |
1 1/8 |
140.06 |
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0.0 |
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1.6 |
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eb |
315.641287 |
1 1/5 |
149.40 |
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0.0 |
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0.0 |
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e |
386.313714 |
1 1/4 |
155.63 |
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3.1 |
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0.0 |
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f |
498.044999 |
1 1/3 |
166.00 |
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0.0 |
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5.2 |
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f# |
582.512193 |
1 2/5 |
174.30 |
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18.7 |
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0.0 |
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g |
701.955001 |
1 1/2 |
186.75 |
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0.0 |
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0.0 |
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g# |
813.686286 |
1 3/5 |
199.20 |
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24.9 |
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0.0 |
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a |
884.358713 |
1 2/3 |
207.50 |
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0.0 |
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2.8 |
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b |
1017.596288 |
1 4/5 |
224.10 |
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0.0 |
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0.0 |
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h |
1088.268715 |
1 7/8 |
233.44 |
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13.8 |
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0.0 |
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c' |
1200.000000 |
2 |
249.00 |
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0.0 |
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c'# |
1293.603014 |
2 1/9 |
262.83 |
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14.0 |
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d' |
1403.910002 |
2 1/4 |
280.13 |
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e'b |
1515.641287 |
2 2/5 |
298.80 |
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Graphical
presentation of temperament characteristics. |
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調律法の図的表現の試み |
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Based on the Pythagorean and the meantone temperament, a number
of different methods have been developed as required in each period. A lot of good books for practical
tuning tutorial, for example "Take A from a tuning fork and tune D as
pure 5th below A. Then, narrow down this 5th until you hear N beats per
second.,,,,,,," can be widely found. Now, I will provide some
visualization of computation results of "charactereistics of each
temperament method" and "which method fits with what requirements
in performing specific music?" |
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ピタゴラス調律やミーントーン調律を基礎に、時代の要求するさまざまな調律方法が開発されてきました。Aの音叉を使ったとして、AからDを一旦純正5度にとってから1秒間にN回のうなりが聞こえるまで狭めて、、、といった調律の実戦的解説書は多く見ることができます。ここでは「数多くの調律法がそれぞれどのような特徴を持ち、どのような演奏上の要求に適しているのか?」を「数値をグラフ化して見たらこうなる。」という一つの例を提供します。 |
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<10 Cents |
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10 Cents to 20 Cents |
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Deviation from an
equally divided chromatic scale for each note is plotted with "A"
as a reference. |
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>20 Cents |
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"A"を基準にした等分律の半音階からのずれをプロットしてみました。 |
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In the
circle of 5ths, deviations from pure 3rd are color coded: Green is for <10
Cents., Yellow for 10 Cents to 20 Cents and Red for >20 Cents. |
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5度圏図においては各3度を示す実線の色を純正3度からのずれを10セント未満は緑、10セントから20セントは黄色、20セント以上は赤で示しています。 |
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In the above figure, deviations from pure major 3rd in each key
are indicated. C major locates on
the front center, # series are on the left side and b series are on the right
side. Number of #s and bs
increases from 1 to 7, as going away from the front to the back. Distance of the major 3rd between the
1st and the 3rd notes of each key are computed and deviations from pure mojor
3rd are plotted as the height of the cone. The same plots for 5th, 6th and minor
3rd are also available. |
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上の図は各調性の長三度音程の純正長3度からのずれを示しています。中央手前はハ長調で、左が#系、右が♭系で奥に行くほど#、♭の数が1から7まで増えていきます。各調性で第一音と第三音からなる長3度の広さを計算し、純正長3度との差を円錐の高さで表しています。5度、6度、短3度音程についても同様に表しています。 |
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23.460010 |
PC |
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21.506290 |
SC |
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